Organic chemistry was once decribed as the chemistry of living things, i.e plants and animals, and all naturally occuring compounds that contain carbon. But with the advances in modern chemistry, it is now described as:
'the scientific study of chemical substances which contain carbon, including artificial substances such as plastics.'
from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary
There are many organic funtional groups, and even more tests for them. This website has some of the more common funtional groups and tests for them.
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